Emerging Intravesical Therapies for Non Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

Although BCG is the reference standard for high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), up to one third of patients recur, and a substantial number of patients progress to muscle invasive disease1. In addition, use of BCG is limited due to local or systemic toxicity in approximately 20% of patients. As a result, use of alternative intravesical agents has sparked significant interest in patients that are intolerant to BCG or not candidates for cystectomy due to competing risks.